Shawarwarin nasa ne a fagen fasaha na katako na katako, kuma yana da alaƙa da hanyar hana ƙwayar itace, itacen katako da aikace-aikacensa.Hanyar anti-mildew don itace da aka bayar ta wannan bayani ya haɗa da matakai masu zuwa: yin maganin zafi a kan itace don samun ƙananan zafin jiki;zafin jiki na ƙananan zafin jiki shine -30-70 ° C;yin matsakaicin matsakaicin matsakaici akan itace mai ƙarancin zafin jiki don samun magani na biyu Itace;sake zagayowar maganin ƙananan zafin jiki da matsakaicin matsakaicin zafin jiki aƙalla sau biyu don samun itace mai hana mildew;sake zagayowar yana farawa daga ƙananan zafin magani.Ƙirƙirar tana lalata bangon tantanin halitta da membrane na itace ta hanyar kula da ƙarancin zafin jiki, ta yadda abubuwan gina jiki da ke cikin sel suna zubowa;ta hanyar ƙananan ƙananan zafin jiki da matsakaicin matsakaicin matsakaici, ana kawar da tushen abinci mai gina jiki da ake bukata don ci gaban kwayoyin cuta, kuma an inganta ikon anti-mildew na itace.Hanyar anti-mildew don itace da aka bayar ta wannan makirci yana riƙe da launi da tsarin log ɗin kanta kuma yana da kyakkyawan kariya ta muhalli.
Gabatarwar mildew itace:
Sabuwar itacen da aka girbe yana da sauƙi don ƙirƙira idan ba a ɗauki matakan kariya masu kyau a lokacin sufuri da adanawa, sarrafawa da amfani da su ba, wanda ba wai kawai yana shafar ingancin bayyanar da rage darajar tattalin arziki ba, har ma yana haifar da yanayin mamaye sauran fungi.Naman gwari a cikin ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta sun fi ƙazanta saman itace kuma ba su da wani tasiri a kan nauyi da ƙarfin itacen.Mold sau da yawa yana faruwa akan itace tare da sauran fungi, wanda ke sa ya zama da wahala a raba nau'i daga lalata da kuma canza launin fungi.Amma saboda naman gwari na tsawa yana haifuwa da sauri, sau da yawa yana hana ci gaban sauran fungi.Naman gwari na tsawa na mamaye itace musamman ta hanyar shayar da sukari da sitaci a cikin itace a matsayin tushen abinci, ba tare da lalata bangon tantanin halitta ba kuma ba shi da wani tasiri akan ƙarfin itace, amma yana iya ƙara haɓakar itace.Mold na iya haifar da itace don samar da tabo na launuka daban-daban, kuma ya zama launin toka, kore, ja-yellow, blue-kore da sauran wuraren da ba su da launi a saman itacen.Dalilin da ya sa waɗannan fungi na iya haifar da aibobi shi ne cewa spores masu launin launi ko hyphae suna taruwa a saman itace, ko kuma itacen ya gurɓata ta hanyar samfurori na metabolism.Waɗannan wuraren rawaya, ja, koren kore da duhu launin ruwan mildew an haɗa su da saman itace., yawanci ana iya cirewa tare da bleach, goga na waya ko fade bayan bushewa, amma mold ya girma na dogon lokaci, tabo zai shiga cikin fiber na itace, wanda zai haifar da lalacewa ga kayan aikin katako da kuma rage ƙarfin itace. .
Itace mildew yana haifar da ƙananan fungi, wanda ke lalata itace da kayan itace, kuma a lokuta masu tsanani yana haifar da babbar asarar tattalin arziki.Matsayin ingancin plywood, veneer, furniture da kayan ado na itace a cikin ƙasata suna da hani akan tabo mai shuɗi da mildew, kuma samfuran fitarwa suna buƙatar Stricter, ba a ba da izinin mildew ba.Kasashen waje sun fi mai da hankali kan anti-blueing da anti-mildew.kasata kuma ta fi mai da hankali kan yadda ake kula da itacen roba, bamboo da wasu kayayyakin da ake fitarwa zuwa kasashen waje..Tare da aiwatar da ayyukan kare gandun daji na halitta, da ci gaba da yin amfani da itace da bamboo, da sauye-sauyen da ake samu a kasuwar itace ta hanyar shiga kungiyar WTO, tabo da tabo na itace da matakan rigakafin cutar za su zama mafi mahimmanci.Bayanin da aiwatar da ka'idojin ƙasa na CBT186210 "Hanyar sarrafawa don ingantaccen jami'in itace a kan itace.Ana iya ganin gungu mai yawa, baƙi, kuma suna da haske kore: zama baƙar fata a saman itace mai faɗi.Yawancin gyare-gyare suna girma da ƙarfi lokacin da yanayin zafi na yanayi ya wuce 90%.
Wasu gyare-gyare na iya faruwa akan itace tare da abun ciki na danshi na 20%, don haka ƙirar katako sun fi tsayayya da yanayi mara kyau fiye da itacen rot fungi.Har ila yau, juriya na miyagun ƙwayoyi ya fi girma fiye da na fungi masu lalacewa.Misali, Pine da aka yi amfani da ita (Pinus spp.) na iya hanawa da sarrafa yawancin fungi masu ruɓewa na itace, amma ba wai kawai ba zai iya hana ci gaban ƙwayoyin cuta da yawa ba, har ma yana iya haɓaka haɓakar ƙwayoyin cuta.Yawancin kyawon tsayuwa kuma suna jure yanayin zafi.Cutarwar mold ga microstructure na allura da bishiyoyin Pine masu tsayi suna kama da naman gwari mai canza launin.A ƙarƙashin yanayin da ya dace, yana iya haifar da lalata itace mai laushi kamar naman gwari mai canza launi.Wasu gyare-gyare suna da ɗan lalacewa ga bangon cell na itace.Mold da discoloration naman gwari galibi suna ɗaukar polysaccharides a cikin ƙwayoyin itace, kuma hyphae yakan bayyana a cikin ƙwayoyin parenchyma da yawa.Shigar da hyphae yafi ta tazarar fiber.
Mai hana itace:
Wakilai don kula da ƙirar itace da canza launin ana kiran su gaba ɗaya azaman masu hana ƙwayar itace.Halogenated phenols da sodium salts (irin su pentachlorophenol da sodium pentachlorophenate sune mafi yawan amfani da fungicides a cikin ƴan shekarun da suka gabata. Tun da an sami carcinogens a pentachlorophenol, ƙasashe da yawa (yankuna) sun haramta gaba ɗaya ko Ƙayyade amfani da halophenol antifungal agents na itace. a lamba tare da jikin mutum, da kuma sadaukar da kanmu ga bincike da kuma ci gaban da low-mai guba antifungal jamiái, Organic aidin (IPBC), chlorothalonil (chlorothalonil), quaternary ammonium salts (DDAC, BAC), triazoles, Quinoline (CU-8) , Naphthenate (naphthenate na jan karfe) anti-mildew da blue tabo gwaje-gwaje sun nuna cewa sau da yawa akwai babban tazara tsakanin sakamakon gwajin guba na cikin gida da aikace-aikace masu amfani, kuma dole ne a yi gwajin filin don allon katako na maganin fungal Akwai nau'o'i da yawa. na kyawon tsayuwa, kuma juriya na miyagun ƙwayoyi yana canzawa sosai; juriya na ƙwayoyin cuta sau da yawa yana da ƙarfi fiye da na ƙwayoyin cuta masu canza launi; ƙaddamar da magungunan ruwa don rigakafi da kula da tabo mai launin shuɗi da gyaggyaran nau'ikan bishiyoyi daban-daban a yankuna daban-daban na iya zama daidai ba daidai ba. duk daya.Domin fadada m-bakan aikin anti-fungal jamiái Jima'i, inganta bactericidal sakamako, kuma bincike da ɓullo da yawa fili itace antifungal jamiái a gida da waje.
Gabatarwa ga hanyoyi da yawa na rigakafin mildew na itace:
Dangane da gabatarwar David daga gzzxsc, mai kera kayan aikin rigakafin itace, ana iya magance hanyoyin magance cututtukan itace ta hanyar bushewa, fumigation sulfur, spraying wakili na fungal, wakili na antifungal gauraye da ruwa, da wakili na antifungal gauraye da ruwa.Itace tana da juriya na ƙazanta don guje wa yazawar itace ta hanyar ƙira.Kowace masana'antar sarrafa itace, masana'antar kayan daki ko masana'anta na iya zabar hanyoyin magance ƙwayoyin cuta daban-daban gwargwadon yanayin masana'anta.
1. Hanyar bushewa don hana bushewar itace:
Itace tana bushewa, kuma ana amfani da kayan aiki na musamman don zafin zafin itace.Daki na al'ada na wucin gadi (kiln) bushewa yana nufin amfani da ɗakunan bushewar itace (kilns) don bushe itace.Yana iya sarrafa yanayin bushewa ta hanyar wucin gadi don bushe itacen, wanda ake magana da shi azaman bushewar ɗaki ko bushewar kiln.A halin yanzu, a cikin samar da bushewar itace a gida da waje, bushewar ɗaki na al'ada ya kai 85% -90% na bushewar itace.Tushen zafin da ake amfani da shi shine injin tururi, wanda ke buƙatar sanye da tukunyar tururi.Wannan hanya tana da tsada.Ko da yake yana iya rage danshi, ba zai iya magance matsalar ba.Misali, wurin da ake ajiye itacen yana da zafi sosai, kuma itacen zai sake sha damshi, wanda hakan zai kara danshin itacen kuma ya haifar da gyambo.Wannan hanyar rigakafin ƙwayar itacen itace Ya dace da adana ɗan gajeren lokaci na itace ko ajiyar yanayi tare da ƙarancin zafi da zafin jiki.
2. Hanyar fumigation na sulfur don hana ƙwayar itace:
A farkon, an yi amfani da fumigation na sulfur don hana mildew, lalata da kwari a cikin itace, kuma ana buƙatar danshi na itace ya fi 5%.Fumigation na sulfur shine tururin sulfur da tururin ruwa na iya amsawa don samar da sulfur dioxide, wanda ake allura a cikin filayen itace a ƙarƙashin matsi na yau da kullun na kusan mintuna 25.Konewar sulfur zai samar da sulfur dioxide, wanda zai wuce ma'auni sosai.Haka kuma, sulfur yana dauke da manyan karafa irin su gubar da mercury, wanda kuma zai haifar da gubar dalma ko gubar mercury ga jikin dan adam.Saboda bukatun kariyar muhalli, wannan hanyar rigakafin ƙwayar itace ba a ba da shawarar ba.
3. Hanyar fesa don hana mildew na itace:
Wannan hanya ta dace da maganin bamboo da allon katako.da dai sauransu) Idan aka jika da maganin fungal, zai haifar da nakasu, don haka za a iya amfani da wakili na anti-fungal na itace don fesa samansa, kuma kai tsaye tuntuɓi mai ba da kayan maganin fungal don siyan maganin bushewar itace mai saurin bushewa. domin magani.Don masana'antun bamboo da katako na katako, Za'a iya saita layin taro, kuma ana iya saita kayan aikin feshi ta atomatik akan layin taro.Lokacin da na'urar ta gane cewa farantin ta wuce, bututun zai fesa maganin kashe kwayoyin cuta ta atomatik don rufe farantin, kuma ana iya ƙara kayan bushewa a ƙarshen baya don bushewa.Wannan hanya za ta iya rage yawan shan aiki da magunguna.Idan adadin ƙarami ne ko kuma bai dace ba don saita akwatin feshi, zaku iya amfani da feshi kai tsaye don fesa a saman allon ko amfani da mop mai tsabta da aka tsoma a cikin wakili don goge a kan allo.
4. Hanyar jiƙa don hana ƙwayar itace:
Don tabbatar da tasirin rigakafin ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta na bamboo, itace, rattan, ciyawa da samfuran su bayan jiyya, jiƙa itace tare da maganin maganin ƙwayar cuta na itace, da nauyin bamboo, itace, rattan, kuma ciyawa ya kamata ya karu da 15% -20% (kimanin minti 5-10).Bayani: An shirya ruwa mai jiƙa bisa ga rabo na 1:20 (5Kg itace antifungal wakili: 100Kg ruwa).Bamboo, itace, rattan, ciyawa da kayayyakinsu duk ana nutsar dasu a cikin maganin ruwa da aka shirya (kada ku fallasa saman ruwa), kuma bayan an kai nauyin nauyin 15% -20%, ƙara ko rage lokacin jiƙa da nauyin nauyi bisa ga zuwa bushewar bushewar itacen gora, sannan a fitar da ɗigon busasshen maganin ruwa, busasshen iska ko bushewar rana a saka a cikin ajiya.Maganin katako mai girma na bamboo yana buƙatar gina tafkin, wanda ya dace don amfani.
5. Hanyar matsa lamba don hana ƙirar itace:
Hanyar ita ce a sanya itacen a cikin akwati mai tsabta, da kuma fitar da iska a cikin ramin itacen tantanin halitta don haifar da matsi mara kyau.Zuba maganin maganin antifungal na itace a cikin akwati a ƙarƙashin yanayi mara kyau, kuma bambancin matsa lamba tsakanin ciki da waje na sel zai sa ruwa ya shiga cikin itace.Hanyar vacuum yana da sakamako mai kyau na magani kuma kayan aiki yana da sauƙi.Gabaɗaya, ana iya shigar da shi kuma a yi amfani da shi a kan manya-manyan rumfuna, wuraren balaguro, da wuraren kulawa.Ƙara wani matsa lamba a cikin akwati na musamman na iska, da kuma allurar maganin maganin fungal na itace a cikin ramukan fiber na itace.Sakamakon maganin matsa lamba ya fi na sauran hanyoyin.Wakilin antifungal na itace yana shiga cikin zurfi kuma yana rarraba daidai.Samar da masana'antu, babban fitarwa, mai sauƙin cimma iko mai inganci, gabaɗaya ana amfani da shi don rigakafin ƙwayoyin cuta da rigakafin lalata bamboo da itace tare da babban yawa da shiga cikin sinadarai masu wahala.Domin tabbatar da ingancin itacen da aka yi wa magani a cikin manya-manyan ayyukan kulawa na tsofaffin rumfuna da wuraren balaguro, ana iya shigar da ƙananan tankunan jiyya da ake buƙata.
Lokacin aikawa: Dec-03-2022
